Cleithrolepis

Cleithrolepis Temporal range: Early to Middle Triassic PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	†Polzbergiiformes
Family:	†Cleithrolepididae
Genus:	†Cleithrolepis Egerton, 1864
Type species
†Cleithrolepis granulatus Egerton, 1864
Species
†C. altus Woodward, 1890 †C. granulatus Egerton, 1864 †C. major Gardiner, 1988 ?†C. brueckneri Oertle, 1931

Cleithrolepis is an extinct genus of freshwater ray-finned fish that lived from the Induan age (Early Triassic epoch) to the Anisian (Middle Triassic) in what is now Australia (New South Wales, Tasmania) and Libya. A species from Late Triassic Germany, C. brueckneri, was also ascribed to Cleithrolepis.^[1][2]

Taxonomy

The following species are known:^[1]

• †C. altus Woodward, 1890 - Olenekian (Early Triassic) or Anisian (Middle Triassic) of New South Wales, Australia (Terrigal Formation)
• †C. granulatus Egerton, 1864 - Induan (Early Triassic) of Tasmania, Australia (Knocklofty Formation) to Anisian of New South Wales, Australia (Terrigal Formation)^[3]
• †C. major Gardiner, 1988 - Anisian of Cyrenaica, Libya (Alma Formation)^[4][5]

Dubious remains are known from the Ladinian of Spain.^[2] The dubious species "C." brueckneri Oertle, 1931 from the Carnian of Germany was previously assigned to this genus, although its actual taxonomic status remains uncertain.^[1] The former species C. extoni Woodward, 1888 from South Africa has been reclassified into the related genus Cleithrolepidina, while the former species C. cuyana from Argentina has been reclassified into Pseudobeaconia in the Louwoichthyiformes.^[1][6]

It was formerly placed in the order Perleidiformes, but recent taxonomic revisions have found that order to be non-monophyletic, and it is now placed in the order Polzbergiiformes.^[7]

Appearance

The genus grew to about 30 centimetres (12 in) long. It had a weak lower jaw with teeth only at the tip.^[8]

Occurrence

Cleithrolepis lived in rivers, billabongs and lakes in the large braided river system that deposited the Hawkesbury Sandstone in what is now New South Wales, with fossils found in shale lenses within the sandstone.^[9] Fossils were also found in Tasmania (Knocklofty Formation) and in a drill core sample from Libya, 10,840 feet (3,300 m) below the surface.^[3][4][5]

References

Further reading

• Fossils (Smithsonian Handbooks) by David Ward (Page 213)

External links

• Fossil of freshwater fish, Cleithrolepis granulata - Somersby, New South Wales, Middle Triassic, 240 million years ago.

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Neopterygii

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Actinopterygii Clade: Actinopteri
Actinopterygii see Actinopterygii Neopterygii see below↓ Neopterygii

Neopterygii	†Besania †Boreichthys †Caelatichthys †Cephaloxenus †Chrotichthys †Dollopterus †Frodoichthys †Gimlichthys †Habroichthys †Hulettia †Pristisomus †Tungusichthys †Venusichthys †Zeuchthiscus †Bobasatraniiformes? †Guildayichthyidae? †Pholidopleuriformes? Arctosomus Australosomus Gracilignathichthys Macroaethes Pholidopleurus †Redfieldiiformes? Atopocephala Brookvalia Calaichthys Cionichthys Daedalichthys Denwoodichthys Dictyopyge Endemichthys Geitonichthys Helichthys Hiascoactinus Ischnolepis Lasalichthys Leighiscus Mauritanichthys Molybdichthys Pacorichthys Phlyctaenichthys Redfieldius Sakamenichthys Schizurichthys Sinkiangichthys? †Platysiagidae Caelatichthys? Helmolepis Platysiagum †Polzbergiiformes Hydropessum? Cleithrolepididae Cleithrolepidina Cleithrolepis Polzbergiidae Felberia Luopingichthys? Polzbergia Serrolepis Stoppania †Colobodontidae Chaohuperleidus? Colobodus Crenilepis Dactylolepis? Engycolobodus? Feroxichthys Gabanellia? Nephrotus? †Perleididae Aetheodontus? Alvinia? Chaohuperleidus? Ctenognathichthys? Daninia Diandongperleidus? Dipteronotus? Endennia? Eoperleidus Fuyuanperleidus? Luopingperleidus? Manlietta Megaperleidus? Meidiichthys Meridensia? Moradebrichthys? Paraperleidus Peltoperleidus? Perleidus Plesiofuro? Plesioperleidus Procheirichthys? Teffichthys? Tripelta †Louwoichthyiformes Peltoperleidus? Louwoichthyidae Ctenognathichthys? Louwoichthys Luopingichthys? Pseudobeaconiidae Anatoia Caminchaia Dipteronotus? Echentaia Mendocinichthys Pasambaya Pseudobeaconia †Luganoiiformes Altisolepis? Fuyuanperleidus? Luganoia †Peltopleuriformes Habroichthys? Peltopleuridae Altisolepis? Nannolepis Peltopleurus Placopleurus Thoracopteridae Gigantopterus Italopterus Peripeltopleurus Potanichthys Thoracopterus Wushaichthys †Dapediidae Aetheolepis Dandya Dapedium Hemicalypterus Heterostrophus Paradapedium Sargodon Scopulipiscis Tetragonolepis †Pycnodontiformes see Pycnodontiformes Holostei Ginglymodi see Ginglymodi includes gars Halecomorphi see Halecomorphi includes bowfin Teleostei see Teleostei includes the majority of modern fish

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